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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN TRENDS OF GENDER EQUALITY IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC SPHERE IN MOLDOVA AND UKRAINE

Tatiana COLESNICOVA, Assoc. Prof., PhD

National Institute for Economic Research, Republic of Moldova

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Viktoria BLYZNIUK, Prof., PhD

Institute for Economics and Forecasting,

National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

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Universal Decimal Classification: 331.1(478)(477)

JEL Classification: J14, J16, K38

Abstract

This research paper analyzes gender equality in the socioeconomic sphere with a focus on the labor market in two countries - the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine. These two countries were chosen for the research because, in addition to their close geographic location, they also share common historical and mental backgrounds and are both candidates for EU membership. In this regard, gender issues are one of the most important aspects in the process of joining the EU standards. It is enough to read the questionnaire on entry into the EU, as well as the compliance of the EU countries with various legislative standards and acts. The analysis in this research was based on data from the National Statistical Offices of both countries, as well as data from the report Global Gender Gap 2006-2022 elaborated by World Economic Forum - an independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world by engaging business and politics and that has been trusted with its data around the world for many years. While progress has been made in the socioeconomic sphere of gender equality in the two countries, significant gaps especially gender pay gaps remain to be eliminated. For this purpose, countries need to reconsider their domestic policies and strengthen them by applying new innovative measures oriented to the main policy of the EU countries and using their rich experience in this direction.

Keywords: gender equality, gender pay gap, labor market, Ukraine, Republic of Moldova, EU